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Philippines–Poland relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the Republic of Poland. Formal diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on September 22, 1973,〔 but contact between the two peoples dates back to the seventeenth century.〔 While relations between the two countries are largely defined by a shared religion, with both countries possessing predominant Roman Catholic populations with a strong devotion to Pope John Paul II and a shared history of anti-authoritarian struggle,〔 they are not as strong as Poland's relations with other countries in Southeast Asia — a state of affairs that has been defined by Tadeusz Iwiński as a relationship "that was broken by mistake".〔 The Philippines maintains an embassy in Warsaw and honorary consulates in Poznań and Wrocław, while Poland maintains honorary consulates in Manila, Cebu City and General Santos which are accredited to the Polish embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.〔 ==History== Relations between the Philippines and Poland may be traced back to the Age of Discovery and the colonization of the Philippines by Spain. While there was interaction between the two countries, however, any history of the Polish community in the Philippines prior to the end of the 19th century is virtually unknown,〔 and even more so the history of Filipinos in Poland. Accounts of a Polish presence in the Philippines were recorded as early as 1618,〔 but the first documented account of a Pole stepping into the Philippines was that of Wojciech Męciński, a Jesuit missionary from Kraków who participated in missionary activities in Japan, China and Vietnam, and who stayed in Manila for a few months in 1642.〔 The Philippine Revolution had aroused the interest of Poles, particularly those members of the Polish intelligentsia who were willing to denounce European colonialism. In 1898, Ignacy Radliński published an article in the ''Gazeta Warszawska'' entitled "Colonial Notes – the Philippine Islands" (''„Notatki kolonialne – Wyspy Filipińskie”''), where he denounces the methods by which the Spanish colonized the Philippines.〔 During the American colonial period, there was rapid growth in the local Polish community, although most people in the Philippines at the time who were of Polish descent were Polish Americans.〔 Growing trade relations between Poland and Southeast Asia eventually led to the establishment of an honorary consulate in Manila on May 2, 1938, with Swiss businessman Frederick Zuellig serving as the first honorary consul.〔 Prior to the establishment of the Polish consulate, Poles in the Philippines were under the diplomatic protection of the French consulate.〔 With Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 and the eventual establishment of the communist People's Republic of Poland in 1952, relations between the two countries were severed owing to political differences.〔 However, following Soviet–American détente, relations between the two countries were normalized with the formal establishment of diplomatic relations on September 22, 1973, which culminated with the visit of former President Diosdado Macapagal to Poland in 1974, the first visit to the country by any member of the Philippine government.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philippines–Poland relations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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